[Advaita-l] Pramana for adhyaropa apavada

[V Subrahmanian]

On Fri, May 10, 2013 at 12:19 PM, <rajaramvenk at gmail.com> wrote:

> **
> Thanks for clarification. Does it not make those vedic statements that
> describe attributes untrue? Why not interpret attribute denying statements
> in such a way that the truth of attribute describing statements is not
> compromised?
>

Generally, this arguments holds against those who 'compromise' the 'abheda'
vAkyas by giving convoluted interpretations/derivations to those
sentences.  But in Advaita there is no compromise as such; all sentences
have their place and are important there.  Nor are they untrue.  Shankara
will be the last person to call vedic sentences untrue, being the champion
of Vaidika sampradAya.That is why in the Brahma sutras we have a
'sarvApEkShA nyAya' based on the sutra: 3.4.26  where it is stated that
'all the karma practices detailed/enjoined in the karma portion of the veda
are required for the jIva gaining samskAras that help him arrive at the
Jnana sAdhana. '  In this light one can see that all the shAstrakRta
adhyAropa is definitely needed for the benefit of the aspirant/jiva.  Thus
there is no true compromise; in fact Shankara has said in the Isha
bhashya:  'There is nothing in the Veda that is not worthy of practicing.'
So, saguNa Ishwara has an indispensable role in the run up to moksha prApti.

regards
vs


> Sent from my BlackBerry® wireless device
> ------------------------------
> *From: * V Subrahmanian <v.subrahmanian at gmail.com>
> *Date: *Fri, 10 May 2013 11:30:33 +0530
> *To: *<rajaramvenk at gmail.com>; A discussion group for Advaita Vedanta<
> advaita-l at lists.advaita-vedanta.org>
> *Subject: *Re: [Advaita-l] Pramana for adhyaropa apavada
>
> In the Veda we find two sets of adhyAropa and apavAda.  The Veda describes
> who or what a jIva is: someone with a body-mind complex, kartRtva
> bhoktRtva, aspiring for puruShArtha, going to various lokas and returning,
> remaining in samsAra, etc.  This is the adhyAropa.  We say so because the
> Veda itself also says 'tat tvam asi, (chandogya upanishad which is what
> kShetrajnam chApi mAm viddhi (13th chapter BG) is,  Brahmavid brahmaiva,
> vimuktashcha vimuchyate...etc. These sentences show the entity who was
> described in the above red highlighted lines as removed of the jIvatva
> totally and declare it as none other than Brahman.  So, by arthApatti, it
> is held that the jivatva-describing parts are adhyAropa for there is a
> jIvatva-denying, apavAda, sentences that are encountered later.
>
> With respect to Ishwara too, the corresponding adhyaropa is the
> description of an entity as related to the jIva-jagat, endowed with
> attributes such a the cause of the world, jIva-jkagadantaryAmitvam,
> karmaophala dAtRtvam etc.  Without exception, all the attributes of Brahman
> are either dependent on jiva or the jagat.  That shows that Brahman cannot
> afford to have any attribute as legitimately its own.  Such dependence on
> something else to be called Iswara is not the ultimate reality the Shruti
> presents . The Veda also describes the entity as bereft of all these
> attributes as nirguNam niShkriyam, asangam, etc. where it is shown as
> totally unrelated to anything.  If such denial sentences, apavAda, are
> taken into account, it would have to be understood that the shruti wants to
> present the Reality as One entity that is pure consciousness, existence,
> infinite with nothing as a second.
>
> It is based on the study of the Upanishads on such lines did the rule
> 'adhyAropa apavAdAbhyAm niShprapancham prapanchyate' emerge in the
> sampradAya, that Shankara cites in the Bh.Gita bhashyam, in addition to the
> direct shruti vAkyams and yukti.  SampradAya is an additional strengthening
> factor to present the system. The Bh.Gita and other texts too have the same
> pattern described above.  Thus, the shruti is the pramANa for the
> adhyAropa-apavAda nyAya.  That nyAya can be seen employed in worldly
> affairs too in various forms.
>
> regards
> subrahmanian.v
>
>
>
> On Fri, May 10, 2013 at 12:11 AM, <rajaramvenk at gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> Hare Krishna. If we take as absolutely true the statements that describe
>> qualities of ishwara, then we will have to interpret statements that negate
>> those qualities as referring to material qualities as dualists do. On the
>> other hand if we take as absolutely true the statements that describe
>> brahman as without attributes of any kind, then we have to treat all
>> descriptions of qualities as true only in the relative realm as advaita
>> does. I would like to know if there is a basis for advaita approach other
>> than this being an unbroken and ancient lineage.
>> Sent from my BlackBerry® wireless device
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