[Advaita-l] Tapas

[H S Chandramouli]

H S CHANDRAMOULI

Dear Sujalji,

Any word, taken in isolation , has only vachyartha which could be any
number of different meanings. Lakshyartha is applicable only when the word
is used in a particular context. without context lakshyartha has no
meaning.

Regards


On Mon, Nov 25, 2013 at 12:11 PM, Sujal Upadhyay <sujal.u at gmail.com> wrote:

> Pranams,
>
> As other members have given references from shruti-s and Shankara BhASya,
> we can say
>
> 1. vAcyArtha: A process - nidhidhAsana, deep contemplation.
> 2. laxyArtha: Abide in Self, knowledge of Brahman.
>
> Tapas can be RAjasika, tAmasika or SAtvika. Here we have to take only
> SAttvik tapa, w.r.t BG 9.25
>
> यान्ति देवव्रता देवान् पितृ़न्यान्ति पितृव्रताः।
> भूतानि यान्ति भूतेज्या यान्ति मद्याजिनोऽपि माम्।।9.25।।
>
> yānti dēvavratā dēvān pitṛnyānti pitṛvratāḥ.
> bhūtāni yānti bhūtējyā yānti madyājinō.pi mām..9.25..
>
> English translation by Swami Gambhirananda
>
> 9.25 Votaries of the gods reach the gods; the votaries of the manes go to
> the manes; the worshippers of the Beings reach the Beings; and those who
> worship Me reach Me.
>
> OR
>
> 9.25 Worshippers of the gods (devata-s (deva-s) ascend and stay in
> deva-loka; the worshippers of the ancestors (staying on chandra-loka) go to
> the manes (chandra-loka); the worshippers of the Ghosts (bhUta, piSAca)
>  reach their loka; and those who worship Me (Ishvara) reach Me.
>
> *Note: D**eva-loka means heaven. **Chandra means moon. Loka can be taken as
> kingdom. Just like there is earth kingdom, there is sun-kingdom,
> moon-kingdom, *
> * etc. Howevder, 'Me' or param pada is not any loka it is Atman / Brahman
> itself, as Adi Shankara clarifies in last verse of same chapter. *
>
> P.S. I am clipping earlier reply except last one so as to keep the size of
> email to a minimum. It will be helpful in saving space, as all replies are
> archived. Last reply is not clipped for continuity purpose (helpful while
> referring archives)
>
> OM
>
> Sujal Upadhyay
>
> "To disconnect from the self and to become Aware of anything else is
> nothing but unhappiness" - Bhagawan Ramana Maharshi
>
> He who has faith has all
> He who lacks faith, lacks all
> It is the faith int he name of lord that works wonders
> FAITH IS LIFE, DOUBT IS DEATH - Sri Ramakrishna
>
>
> On Mon, Nov 25, 2013 at 11:58 AM, H S Chandramouli <
> hschandramouli at gmail.com
> > wrote:
>
> > undoubtedly tapas has many different meanings ( just as many other
> sanskrit
> > words in vedanta ) and has to be understood depending on the context. it
> > has different meanings even as between the various darshanas. broadly it
> > could be classified ubder two categories namely karma marga and jnana
> > marga. tapas under the first category leads to the attainment of the
> first
> > three purusharthas ( dharma/artha/kama ) while tapas under the second
> > category leads to the attainment of the fourth purushartha ( moksha ).
> what
> > the asuras performed come under the karma marga and was characterized by
> > severe austerities etc. the goal was to get some favours/boons etc. in
> fact
> > thanks to the pauranikas narrating the various stories from the smrities
> > like puranas this meaning has almost been considered by the general
> public
> > as the only meaning of the word tapas.
> > however in vedanta tapas has a totally different meaning. here again it
> can
> > be classified under two headings namely for gaining eligibility for
> brahma
> > vidya and secondly as sadhana for brahma vidya. in the first category
> which
> > enables the sadhaka to become a sadhana chatushtaya sampannah, tapas
> > consists of strict discipline pertining to all actions,
> body/verbal/mental
> > ( kaya,vacha,manasa ) . sadhana chatushtaya refers to viveka,vichara,
> > shamadi shatka sampattih (shama/dama/uparathi/titiksha/shradha/samadhana
> )
> > and mumukshutva. during this phase tapas is basically relating to action
> > including mental actions. in the second category, tapas mainly means
> >  continuous uninterrupted atma tatva vichara ( references have been given
> > in sri Subramaniam's mail ) leading to moksha/jivanmukti.
> >
> > regards
> >
> > chandramouli
> >
> >
> >
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