[Advaita-l] Rtam and Satyam

[R Krishnamoorthy]

Dears
Sathyam is beyond times.That is it is valid permanently.When Sathyam is quoted subsequently it is rutham.
R.Krishnamoorthy.

Sent from my iPad

> On 01-Jul-2022, at 6:13 PM, Anand N via Advaita-l <advaita-l at lists.advaita-vedanta.org> wrote:
> 
> Namaste,
> 
> Bhaskarji gave an example where Satyam is Parmarthika  and Rtam is
> Vyavaharika.
> Subbuji gave an example where Satyam is the practical aspect and Rtam is
> the potential aspect of truth.
> Are these not contradictory?
> Could anyone please clarify.
> 
> Om Namo Narayanaya,
> Anand
> 
> 
>> On Fri, 1 Jul 2022 at 12:41, V Subrahmanian <v.subrahmanian at gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> On Fri, Jul 1, 2022 at 2:11 PM Anand N via Advaita-l <
>> advaita-l at lists.advaita-vedanta.org> wrote:
>> 
>>> Namaste,
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Can someone please define Rtam and Satyam and also give their difference.
>>> 
>> 
>> In the Taittiriya Upanishad beginning there is a Shanti Patha where these
>> two words occur
>> 
>> ऋतं वदिष्यामि । सत्यं वदिष्यामि ।
>> 
>> For which Shankaracharya writes:
>> 
>> *ऋतं* यथाशास्त्रं यथाकर्तव्यं बुद्धौ सुपरिनिश्चितमर्थं
>> *सत्यमिति *स एव वाक्कायाभ्यां सम्पाद्यमानः,
>> 
>> I give below please translation of Swami Gambhirananda for these lines:
>> 
>> Rtam, righteousness, is an idea fully ascertained by the intellect in
>> accordance with the scriptures and in conformity with practice. Satyam
>> truth is that which is reduced to practice through speech and bodily
>> action.
>> 
>> From this what transpires is Satyam when unarticulated is Rtm.
>> 
>> This kind of friends we can have when both these terms are used
>> together. However, when both are used in different contexts, then the
>> meaning also differs. For example, Brahman is called Satyam in the
>> Taittiriya Upanishad itself. Hear it means that which is constant without
>> undergoing any changes. And very interestingly the opposite of this Satyam
>> will be an-Rtam. So  here Rtam will be equivalent to Satyam in this
>> context. In fact Shankaracharya says in the bhashyam for this word Satyam
>> in the context of Brahman says 'that which does not stay constant, that is,
>> that which gives up its determined nature, is an-Rtam, that is false, and
>> for that he cites the Chandogya Upanishad which says clay alone is real and
>> the name form clay products are mere words, implying that they are unreal.
>> 
>> 
>> We have the word Rtam to denote Brahman too in this verse from the
>> mahopanishat 4.54 / Laghu Yoga vAsiShTha utpatti prakaraNam 1.12:
>> 
>> ऋतमात्मा परं ब्रह्म सत्यमित्यादिका बुधैः ।
>> कल्पिता व्यवहारार्थं तस्य संज्ञा महात्मनः ॥4.54॥
>> 
>> [In order to facilitate parlance, the wise employ words such as Rtam,
>> AtmA, Param, Brahma, Satyam, etc., to designate that Supreme Self.]
>> 
>> regards
>> subbu
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>>> Om Namo Narayanaya,
>>> Anand
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