[Advaita-l] Seeking Clarification on Jayatirtha's Interpretations of Bhagavad Gita Verses through an advaitic lens

[V Subrahmanian]

Dear Joglekar,

Regarding 'sarvam khalvidam Brahma', Madhwa takes it as 'इदं
ब्रह्मातिसामीप्यात् सर्वं पूर्णगुणत्वतः । (Chandogya bhashya).  Brahman is
stated to be 'idam' = 'this' because it is very close to the jiva.  Itis
called 'sarvam' because it is 'full of all auspicious attributes'.

In the Brahma sutra Bhashya, Madhwa gives a different interpretation:

यथा सर्वगुणात्मकत्वात् सर्वात्मकत्वं ब्रह्मण उच्यते‘सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्म’
इति भविष्यत्पर्वणि च –

‘भिन्ना जीवाः परो भिन्नस्तथापि ज्ञानरूपतः ।


प्रोच्यन्ते ब्रह्मरूपेण वेदवादेषु सर्वशः’ इति॥ 29 ॥


I think this is refuted in the Shankara Paada bhushanam:   available here:


https://archive.org/details/Anandashram_Samskrita_Granthavali_Anandashram_Sanskrit_Series/ASS_101_Sankarapadabhusanam_Raghunatha_Suri_Part_1_-_SS_Marulkar_1932/

https://archive.org/details/Anandashram_Samskrita_Granthavali_Anandashram_Sanskrit_Series/ASS_101_Sankarapadabhusanam_Part_2_-_Raghunatha_Suri_1932/

However, we see Veda Vyasa giving a different meaning to it:

Lingapurana:


विभूतयश्च रुद्रस्य मत्वा सर्वत्र भावतः।।
*सर्वं रुद्र इति प्राहुर्मुनयस्तत्त्वदर्शिनः*।। २८.२೦ ।।

नमस्कारेण सततं गौरवात्परमेष्ठिनः।।
*सर्वं तु खल्विदं ब्रह्म सर्वो वै रुद्र ईश्वरः।*। २८.२१ ।।

पुरुषो वै महादेवो महेशानः परः शिवः।।
एवं विभुर्विनिर्दिष्टो ध्यानं तत्रैव चिंतनम्।। २८.२२ ।।

The Shiva Puranam:

*सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्म ( २१)*

यद्भूतं यच्च भव्यं यद्भविप्यत्सर्वमेव च ।।
मन्मयत्वादहं सर्वः सर्वो वै रुद्र इत्यपि ।।२७।।
श्रुतिराह मुने सा हि साक्षाच्छिवमुखोद्गता ।।
सर्वात्मा परमैरेभिर्गुणैर्नित्यसमन्वयात् ।। २८ ।।
स्वस्मात्परात्मविरहादद्वितीयोऽहमेव हि ।।
सर्वं खल्विदं ब्रह्मेति वाक्यार्थः पूर्व्वमीरितः ।। २९ ।।



















In the Purusha suktam too: purusha eva idam sarvam...yad bhUtam yaccha
bhavyam...This also says 'everything is Brahman'

However for Madhwas the above Puranas are 'taamasa' and hence to be
rejected.

regards
subbu


On Sun, Mar 31, 2024 at 11:15 AM Chyavana Joglekar via Advaita-l <
advaita-l at lists.advaita-vedanta.org> wrote:

> Respected members,
>
> I hope this email finds you well. My name is Chyavana Joglekar, and I am
> currently a college student studying the Bhagavad Gita.I am also a very
> interested reader of the advaita-mailing list. I have also been delving
> into the commentaries of both Shri Shankaracharya and Shri Madhva,
> including the Bhāṣya and the Tātparya-nirṇaya, along with the Tīkā of Shri
> Jayatīrtha.
>
> I am reaching out to you because I have encountered some difficulties in
> understanding Jayatīrtha's assessments of verses 13.31-13.35
> (अनादित्वान्निर्गुणत्वात्... to क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोरेवमन्तरं
> ज्ञानचक्षुषा।). Particularly, I am grappling with his interpretation
> regarding the statement "sarvaṁ khalvidaṁ brahmā" by associating it with
> "iṣṭāpūrta" and making a kAric crriticism of shruti-s like "sarvaṁ
> khalvidaṁ brahmā".
>
> The relevant pages of Jayatīrtha's Tīkā, which commence with
> सर्वचेतनाचेतनात्मकत्वात् and end with an explanation for the verses, are
> seen in the 296th page and the particular contention regarding the
> mahavakya begins in the 298th page (attached for reference:
>
> https://archive.org/details/anandatirthabhagavatpadacharyavirachitahgitatatparyanirnayaheditedbydprahladachar1987/page/n295/mode/2up?view=theater
> )
>
> I am eager to gain clarity on how an Advaitin would respond to the
> arguments put forth by Jayatīrtha (more specifically on his analysis of
> sarvam khalvidam brahma). Your insights would greatly aid me in furthering
> my understanding of these philosophical systems and their interpretations.
>
> Thank you very much for considering my request. I eagerly await your
> response.
>
> Warm regards,
>
> Chyavana Joglekar
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