[Advaita-l] Basic concepts of anumAna-pramANa

[Sudhanshu Shekhar]

Namaste Raghav ji.


> Now, to avoid ativyApti in the other cases viz., of quantum-physics-jnAnam
> being jnAnatveNa-jnAna-janyA from mathematics-jnAnaM, can we say, the
> avacchedaka is different and there is quantum-physics-jnAnaM is
> maths-jnAna-upAdAna-jnAnatvena-jnAna-janyam.
>

I don't think there can be an objection of ativyApti in this case. In case
of vyApti-jnAna-anuvyavasAya, there was a possibility of ativyApti as
vyApti-jnAna-anuvyavasAya is vyApti-jnAna-janya. However,
Quantum-Physics-jnAna is maths-jnAna-janya and not vyApti-jnAna-janya. So,
there is no possibility of ativyApti.

Quantum-Physics-jnAna is maths-jnAna-tvena-maths-jnAna-janya. That is it.
It is not vyApti-jnAna-janya. Hence, there is no possibility of ativyApti.

Did I understand your question correctly?


> This is seen in other such layered knowledge systems like knowledge of
> letters (varNas) is causative w.r.t. grammar, sentences and language
> (vyAkaraNa etc).
>
> So there too, the avacchedaka differed in not being vyApti-jnAnatvAm but
> something else?
>

Here again, vyApti-jnAna not being involved as a causal factor, there is no
possibility of ativyApti.

*A brief recollection of ativyApti:*

LakshaNa means असाधारण-धर्म-वचनम्. The asAdhAraNa-dharma means that dharma
which is present only in lakshya.

If this asAdharaNa-dharma is present not only in lakshya but also in
non-lakshya, then it is a dosha called ativyApti and it will not be
considered as a correct lakshaNa. अलक्ष्य-वृत्तित्वम् अतिव्याप्तिः।

This is same as लक्ष्यता-अवच्छेदक-अभाव-समान-अधिकरणत्वम् अतिव्याप्ति:. For
example, if cow is the lakshya whose lakshaNa we have to frame, then
lakshyatA-avachchhedaka is cow-ness. Now, non-lakshya would be something
which has absence of lakshyatA-avachchhedaka i.e. absence of cowness. That
is to say, non-lakshya is something which is the adhikaraNa of
lakshyatA-avachchedaka-abhAva. If lakshaNa also has the same adhikaraNa,
then that means, lakshaNa is present in non-lakshya and that is ativyApti.

Here, the lakshaNa of anumiti is
vyApti-jnAnatva-vishishTa-vyApti-jnAna-janya. So, the lakshaNa of anumiti
is (1) born from vyApti-jnAna. (2) such vyApti-jnAna being qualified with
vyApti-jnAna-tva.

In Quantum-Physics-jnAna being born of maths-jnAna, there is no
satisfaction of either of the two conditions. Hence, there can be no
ativyApti. We need not go to the kAraNatA-avachchhedaka as kAraNatA itself
is not satisfied.

Regards.
Sudhanshu Shekhar.